A gist of the contents at the URL:
HIV Drug Resistance 2005 by Eva Wolf
Chapter 5 in.
Hoffmann, C., Rockstroh, J., and Kamps, B.S., eds. 2005. HIV Medicine
Free online medical textbook
TOPICS
6.1. Introduction
5.2. Assays for resistance testing
5.3. Background
5.4. Interpretation of genotypic resistance profiles
5.5. Summary
5.6. References
Table 1. Mutations leading to RTI resistance
Table 2. Mutations leading to NNRTI resistance
Table 3. Mutations leading to PI resistance
Table 4. Mutations leading to PI resistance
Excerpt
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The development of resistant viral strains is one of the main reasons for failure of antiretroviral therapy. If there is resistance to several drug classes, the number of alternative treatment regimens is limited and the virological success of subsequent therapies, or so-called salvage regimens, may be only short-lived.
The rapid development of resistant variants is due to the high turnover of HIV - approximately 10 million new viral particles are produced every day (Perelson 1996) - and the exceptionally high error rate of HIV reverse transcriptase. This leads to a high mutation rate and constant production of new viral strains, even in the absence of treatment. In the presence of antiretroviral drugs, resistant strains are selected for as the dominant species (Drake 1993).
